Again, both literature and philosophy work by appealing to certain reigning idols.

Liberalism regards life as an adventure in which we must take risks in new situation, in which there is no guarantee that the new will always be the good or the true, in which progress is a precarious achievement rather than inevitability.

The business of the philosopher is well done if he succeeds in raising genuine doubt.

To be sure, the vast majority of people who are untrained can accept the results of science only on authority.

Conservatism clings to what has been established, fearing that, once we begin to question the beliefs that we have inherited, all the values of life will be destroyed.

Small groups or communities may be far more oppressive to the individual than larger ones. Men are in many ways freer in large cities than in small villages.

Liberalism is an attitude rather than a set of dogmas - an attitude that insists upon questioning all plausible and self-evident propositions, seeking not to reject them but to find out what evidence there is to support them rather than their possible alternatives.

The picture which the philosopher draws of the world is surely not one in which every stroke is necessitated by pure logic.

Wisdom is not to be obtained from textbooks, but must be coined out of human experience in the flame of life.

The method of exposition which philosophers have adopted leads many to suppose that they are simply inquiries, that they have no interest in the conclusions at which they arrive, and that their primary concern is to follow their premises to their logical conclusions.

Let philosophy resolutely aim to be as scientific as possible, but let her not forget her strong kinship with literature.

It is not impossible to think that the minds of philosophers sometimes act like those of other mortals, and that, having once been determined by diverse circumstances to adopt certain views, they then look for and naturally find reasons to justify these views.

Law must be viewed as a formless mass of isolated decisions.

If a philosophic theory is once ruled out of court, no one can tell when it will appear again.