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First-order cybernetics is the science of observed systems Second-order cybernetics is the science of observing systems.

Heinz von Foerster

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Heinz von Foerster
Age: 90 †
Born: 1911
Born: November 13
Died: 2002
Died: October 2
Computer Scientist
Mathematician
Philosopher
Physicist
Scientist
University Teacher
Vienna
Austria
Firsts
First
Cybernetics
Observing
Observed
Systems
Second
Science
Order

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Should one name one central concept, a first principle, of cybernetics, it would be circularity.
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Objectivity is a subject's delusion that observing can be done without him.
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Either Stone Age man was a technological wizard, who carefully removed his technological achievements so as not to upset his inferior progeny, or our population dwindled from a once astronomical size to the mere three billions of today.
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Cybernetics is NOT the banana.
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Objectivity is the delusion that observations could be made without an observer.
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Hard sciences are successful because they deal with the soft problems soft sciences are struggling because they deal with the hard problems.
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Something that cannot be explained cannot be seen.
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