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The real difference between democracy and oligarchy is poverty and wealth. Wherever men rule by reason of their wealth, whether they be few or many, that is an oligarchy, and where the poor rule, that is a democracy.
Aristotle
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More quotes by Aristotle
We maintain, and have said in the Ethics, if the arguments there adduced are of any value, that happiness is the realization and perfect exercise of virtue, and this not conditional, but absolute. And I used the term 'conditional' to express that which is indispensable, and 'absolute' to express that which is good in itself.
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Happiness may be defined as good fortune joined to virtue, or a independence, or as a life that is both agreeable and secure.
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The pleasures arising from thinking and learning will make us think and learn all the more. 1153a 23
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Every virtue is a mean between two extremes, each of which is a vice.
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The soul of animals is characterized by two faculties, (a) the faculty of discrimination which is the work of thought and sense, and (b) the faculty of originating local movement.
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The citizens begin by giving up some part of the constitution, and so with greater ease the government change something else which is a little more important, until they have undermined the whole fabric of the state.
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You will never do anything in this world without courage. It is the greatest quality of the mind next to honor.
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For one swallow does not make a summer, nor does one day and so too one day, or a short time, does not make a man blessed and happy.
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Where some people are very wealthy and others have nothing, the result will be either extreme democracy or absolute oligarchy, or despotism will come from either of those excesses.
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My lectures are published and not published they will be intelligible to those who heard them, and to none beside.
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It is the repeated performance of just and temperate actions that produces virtue.
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Tyrants preserve themselves by sowing fear and mistrust among the citizens by means of spies, by distracting them with foreign wars, by eliminating men of spirit who might lead a revolution, by humbling the people, and making them incapable of decisive action.
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Personal beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of reference.
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We have next to consider the formal definition of virtue.
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Happiness is a thing honored and perfect. This seems to be borne out by the fact that it is a first principle or starting-point, since all other things that all men do are done for its sake and that which is the first principle and cause of things good we agree to be something honorable and divine.
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Moral qualities are so constituted as to be destroyed by excess and by deficiency . . .
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In a word, acts of any kind produce habits or characters of the same kind. Hence we ought to make sure that our acts are of a certain kind for the resulting character varies as they vary. It makes no small difference, therefore, whether a man be trained in his youth up in this way or that, but a great difference, or rather all the difference.
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There is a cropping-time in the races of men, as in the fruits of the field and sometimes, if the stock be good, there springs up for a time a succession of splendid men and then comes a period of barrenness.
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[Prudence] is the virtue of that part of the intellect [the calculative] to which it belongs and . . . our choice of actions will not be right without Prudence any more than without Moral Virtue, since, while Moral Virtue enables us to achieve the end, Prudence makes us adopt the right means to the end.
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Let us first understand the facts and then we may seek the cause.
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