Quote

Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Situational
Exercise
Exemption
Influence
Negatively
Bring
Conceived
Results
Desired
Rather
Constraints
Freedom
Positively
Social
Self
Influences

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Even the self-assured will raise their perceived self-efficacy if models teach them better ways of doing things.
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Convictions that outcomes are determined by one's own actions can be either demoralizing or heartening, depending on the level of self-judged efficacy. People who regard outcomes as personally determined, but who lack the requisite skills, would experience low self-efficacy and view the activities with a sense of futility
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Incongruities between self-efficacy and action may stem from misperceptions of task demands, as well as from faulty self-knowledge
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When experience contradicts firmly held judgments of self-efficacy, people may not change their beliefs about themselves if the conditions of performance are such as to lead them to discount the import of the experience
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The performances of others are often selected as standards for self-improvement of abilities
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Coping with the demands of everyday life would be exceedingly trying if one could arrive at solutions to problems only by actually performing possible options and suffering the consequences.
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Success and failure are largely self-defined in terms of personal standards. The higher the self-standards, the more likely will given attainments be viewed as failures, regardless of what others might think.
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Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend
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Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
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Self-appraisals are influenced by evaluative reactions of others.
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People who believe they have the power to exercise some measure of control over their lives are healthier, more effective and more successful than those who lack faith in their ability to effect changes in their lives.
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Self-belief does not necessarily ensure success, but self-disbelief assuredly spawns failure.
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If self-efficacy is lacking, people tend to behave ineffectually, even though they know what to do.
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Humans are producers of their life circumstance not just products of them.
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People behave agentically, but they produce theories that afford people very little agency.
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