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When people are not aiming for anything in particular or when they cannot monitor their performance, there is little basis for translating perceived efficacy into appropriate magnitudes of effort
Albert Bandura
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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Effort
Perceived
Cannot
Translate
Littles
Appropriate
Magnitudes
Anything
Performance
Translating
Little
Basis
Monitor
People
Bases
Aiming
Performances
Efficacy
Particular
Magnitude
More quotes by Albert Bandura
People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking.
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Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact
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People who hold a low view of themselves [will credit] their achievements to external factors, rather than to their own capabilities.
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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The adequacy of performance attainments depends upon the personal standards against which they are judged
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Self-appraisals of efficacy are reasonably accurate, but they diverge from action because people do not know fully what they will have to do, lack information for regulating their effort, or are hindered by external factors from doing what they can
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Convictions that outcomes are determined by one's own actions can be either demoralizing or heartening, depending on the level of self-judged efficacy. People who regard outcomes as personally determined, but who lack the requisite skills, would experience low self-efficacy and view the activities with a sense of futility
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People’s beliefs about their abilities have a profound effect on those abilities.
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Self-appraisals are influenced by evaluative reactions of others.
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The evaluative habits developed in sibling interactions undoubtedly affect the salience and choice of comparative referents in self-ability evaluations in later life
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People who regard themselves as highly efficacious act, think, and feel differently from those who perceive themselves as inefficacious. They produce their own future, rather than simply foretell it.
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If self-efficacy is lacking, people tend to behave ineffectually, even though they know what to do.
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Success and failure are largely self-defined in terms of personal standards. The higher the self-standards, the more likely will given attainments be viewed as failures, regardless of what others might think.
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Once established, reputations do not easily change.
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Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.
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Social cognitive theory rejects the dichotomous conception of self as agent and self as object. Acting on the environment and acting on oneself entail shifting the perspective of the same agent rather than reifying different selves regulating each other or transforming the self from agent to object
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The presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised
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Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
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Perceived self-efficacy and beliefs about the locus of outcome causality must be distinguished
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Given a sufficient level of perceived self-efficacy to take on threatening tasks, phobics perform them with varying amounts of fear arousal depending on the strength of their perceived self-efficacy
Albert Bandura
