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Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Performance
Performances
Tasks
Judgment
Discrepancies
Circumstances
Efficacy
Either
Ambiguous
Self
Performed
Arise

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When people are not aiming for anything in particular or when they cannot monitor their performance, there is little basis for translating perceived efficacy into appropriate magnitudes of effort
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The evaluative habits developed in sibling interactions undoubtedly affect the salience and choice of comparative referents in self-ability evaluations in later life
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Even the self-assured will raise their perceived self-efficacy if models teach them better ways of doing things.
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Students judge how well they might do in a chemistry course from knowing how peers, who performed comparably to them in physics, fared in chemistry
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Ironically, it is the talented who have high aspirations, which are possible but exceedingly difficult to realize, who are especially vulnerable to self-dissatisfaction despite notable achievements.
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After people become convinced they have what it takes to succeed, they persevere in the face of adversity and quickly rebound from setbacks. By sticking it out through tough times, they emerge stronger from adversity.
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Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact
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Many people who gain recognition and fame shape their lives by overcoming seemingly insurmountable obstacles, only to be catapulted into new social realities over which they have less control and manage badly. Indeed, the annals of the famous and infamous are strewn with individuals who were both architects and victims of their life courses.
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In order to succeed, people need a sense of self-efficacy, to struggle together with resilience to meet the inevitable obstacles and inequities of life.
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Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce.
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
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People who are insecure about themselves will avoid social comparisons that are potentially threatening to their self-esteem
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Forceful actions arising from erroneous beliefs often create social effects that confirm the misbeliefs
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Most of the images of reality on which we base our actions are really based on vicarious experience.
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People who hold a low view of themselves [will credit] their achievements to external factors, rather than to their own capabilities.
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It is no more informative to speak of self-efficacy in global terms than to speak of nonspecific social behavior
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Very often we developed a better grasp of the subjects than the over worked teachers.
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Once established, reputations do not easily change.
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Judgments of adequacy involve social comparison processes
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