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People who are insecure about themselves will avoid social comparisons that are potentially threatening to their self-esteem

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Insecure
Threatening
Comparison
Esteem
Avoid
Social
Self
Comparisons
People
Potentially

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People with high assurance in their capabilities approach difficult tasks as challenges to be mastered rather than as threats to be avoided.
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Comparative appraisals of efficacy require not only evaluation of ones own performances but also knowledge of how others do, cognizance of nonability determinants of their performances, and some understanding that it is others, like oneself, who provide the most informative social criterion for comparison
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For many activities, people cannot rely solely on themselves in evaluating their ability level because such judgments require inferences from probabilistic indicants of talent about which they may have limited knowledge. Self-appraisals are, therefore, partly based on the opinions of others who presumably possess evaluative competence
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Many people who gain recognition and fame shape their lives by overcoming seemingly insurmountable obstacles, only to be catapulted into new social realities over which they have less control and manage badly. Indeed, the annals of the famous and infamous are strewn with individuals who were both architects and victims of their life courses.
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Psychology cannot tell people how they ought to live their lives. It can however, provide them with the means for effecting personal and social change.
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One cannot afford to be a realist.
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Incongruities between self-efficacy and action may stem from misperceptions of task demands, as well as from faulty self-knowledge
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Self efficacious children tend to attribute their successes to ability, but ability attributions affect performance indirectly through perceived self-efficacy
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Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce.
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To grant thought causal efficacy is not to invoke a disembodied mental state
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People who regard themselves as highly efficacious act, think, and feel differently from those who perceive themselves as inefficacious. They produce their own future, rather than simply foretell it.
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Coping with the demands of everyday life would be exceedingly trying if one could arrive at solutions to problems only by actually performing possible options and suffering the consequences.
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People’s beliefs about their abilities have a profound effect on those abilities.
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People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking.
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Self-appraisals are influenced by evaluative reactions of others.
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A theory that denies that thoughts can regulate actions does not lend itself readily to the explanation of complex human behavior.
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Accomplishment is socially judged by ill defined criteria so that one has to rely on others to find out how one is doing.
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Measures of self-precept must be tailored to the domain of psychological functioning being explored.
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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Stringent standards of self-evaluation [can] make otherwise objective successes seem to be personal failures
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