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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Partly
Capability
Compare
Judge
Performances
Judging
Others
Comparing
People
Capabilities

More quotes by Albert Bandura

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Most of the images of reality on which we base our actions are really based on vicarious experience.
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Students judge how well they might do in a chemistry course from knowing how peers, who performed comparably to them in physics, fared in chemistry
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Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous
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People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking.
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[Children] receive direct instruction from time to time about the appropriateness of various social comparisons
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Many people who gain recognition and fame shape their lives by overcoming seemingly insurmountable obstacles, only to be catapulted into new social realities over which they have less control and manage badly. Indeed, the annals of the famous and infamous are strewn with individuals who were both architects and victims of their life courses.
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Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact
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Even noteworthy performance attainments do not necessarily boost perceived self-efficacy
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Stringent standards of self-evaluation [can] make otherwise objective successes seem to be personal failures
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Moral justification is a powerful disengagement mechanism. Destructive conduct is made personally and socially acceptable by portraying it in the service of moral ends. This is why most appeals against violent means usually fall on deaf ears.
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It is widely assumed that beliefs in personal determination of outcomes create a sense of efficacy and power, whereas beliefs that outcomes occur regardless of what one does result in apathy
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Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.
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Self-belief does not necessarily ensure success, but self-disbelief assuredly spawns failure.
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Social cognitive theory rejects the dichotomous conception of self as agent and self as object. Acting on the environment and acting on oneself entail shifting the perspective of the same agent rather than reifying different selves regulating each other or transforming the self from agent to object
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Perceived self-efficacy influences the types of causal attributions people make for their performances
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The adequacy of performance attainments depends upon the personal standards against which they are judged
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Incongruities between self-efficacy and action may stem from misperceptions of task demands, as well as from faulty self-knowledge
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People infer high self-efficacy from successes achieved through minimal effort on difficult tasks, but they infer low self-efficacy if they had to work hard under favorable conditions to master relatively easy tasks
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Perceived self-inefficacy predicts avoidance of academic activities whereas anxiety does not
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Agemates provide the most informative points of reference for comparative efficacy appraisal and verification. Children are, therefore, especially sensitive to their relative standing among the peers with whom they affiliate in activities that determine prestige and popularity
Albert Bandura