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Perceived self-efficacy in coping with potential threats leads people to approach such situations anxiously, and experience of disruptive arousal may further lower their sense of efficacy that they will be able to perform skillfully

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
May
Situations
Anxiously
Able
Leads
Disruptive
Self
Potential
Efficacy
People
Threat
Coping
Approach
Threats
Situation
Perceived
Experience
Lower
Skillfully
Sense
Perform
Arousal

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As a general rule, moderate levels of arousal facilitate deployment of skills, whereas high arousal disrupts it. This is especially true of complex activities requiring intricate organization of behavior
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People who believe they have the power to exercise some measure of control over their lives are healthier, more effective and more successful than those who lack faith in their ability to effect changes in their lives.
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Because of such conjointedness, behavior that exerts no effect whatsoever on outcomes is developed and consistently performed
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One cannot afford to be a realist.
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[Attributional] factors serve as conveyors of efficacy information that influence performance largely through their intervening effects on self-percepts of efficacy
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Self efficacious children tend to attribute their successes to ability, but ability attributions affect performance indirectly through perceived self-efficacy
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The satisfactions people derive from what they do are determined to a large degree by their self-evaluative standards
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The effects of outcome expectancies on performance motivation are partly governed by self-beliefs of efficacy
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When actions are followed by events that are not causally related to the prior acts, people often erroneously perceive contingencies that do not, in fact, exist
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When experience contradicts firmly held judgments of self-efficacy, people may not change their beliefs about themselves if the conditions of performance are such as to lead them to discount the import of the experience
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After people become convinced they have what it takes to succeed, they persevere in the face of adversity and quickly rebound from setbacks. By sticking it out through tough times, they emerge stronger from adversity.
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Convictions that outcomes are determined by one's own actions can be either demoralizing or heartening, depending on the level of self-judged efficacy. People who regard outcomes as personally determined, but who lack the requisite skills, would experience low self-efficacy and view the activities with a sense of futility
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A problem of future research is to clarify how young children learn what type of social comparative information is most useful for efficacy evaluation
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The performances of others are often selected as standards for self-improvement of abilities
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We are more heavily invested in the theories of failure than we are in the theories of success.
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