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Perceived self-efficacy and beliefs about the locus of outcome causality must be distinguished
Albert Bandura
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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Outcome
Outcomes
Beliefs
Belief
Locus
Self
Causality
Must
Efficacy
Perceived
Distinguished
More quotes by Albert Bandura
Most of the images of reality on which we base our actions are really based on vicarious experience.
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People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking.
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Self-appraisals are influenced by evaluative reactions of others.
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Perceived self-inefficacy predicts avoidance of academic activities whereas anxiety does not
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People who hold a low view of themselves [will credit] their achievements to external factors, rather than to their own capabilities.
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People infer high self-efficacy from successes achieved through minimal effort on difficult tasks, but they infer low self-efficacy if they had to work hard under favorable conditions to master relatively easy tasks
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When experience contradicts firmly held judgments of self-efficacy, people may not change their beliefs about themselves if the conditions of performance are such as to lead them to discount the import of the experience
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Self efficacious children tend to attribute their successes to ability, but ability attributions affect performance indirectly through perceived self-efficacy
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When actions are followed by events that are not causally related to the prior acts, people often erroneously perceive contingencies that do not, in fact, exist
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A problem of future research is to clarify how young children learn what type of social comparative information is most useful for efficacy evaluation
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Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.
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Once established, reputations do not easily change.
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The human condition is better improved by altering detrimental circumstances and personal perspectives than by trying to alter personal outlooks, while ignoring the very circumstances that serve to nourish them
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The presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised
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People behave agentically, but they produce theories that afford people very little agency.
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The performances of others are often selected as standards for self-improvement of abilities
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Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend
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Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations.
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Moral justification is a powerful disengagement mechanism. Destructive conduct is made personally and socially acceptable by portraying it in the service of moral ends. This is why most appeals against violent means usually fall on deaf ears.
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It is no more informative to speak of self-efficacy in global terms than to speak of nonspecific social behavior
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