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The effects of outcome expectancies on performance motivation are partly governed by self-beliefs of efficacy

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Performances
Expectancy
Motivation
Efficacy
Effects
Governed
Belief
Partly
Self
Outcome
Outcomes
Beliefs
Performance

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There are countless studies on the negative spillover of job pressures on family life, but few on how job satisfaction enhances the quality of family life.
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Self-belief does not necessarily ensure success, but self-disbelief assuredly spawns failure.
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What people think, believe, and feel affects how they behave. The natural and extrinsic effects of their actions, in turn, partly determine their thought patterns and affective reactions.
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Self-percepts foster actions that generate information, as well as serve as a filtering mechanism for self-referent information in the self-maintaining process
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[Attributional] factors serve as conveyors of efficacy information that influence performance largely through their intervening effects on self-percepts of efficacy
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Very often we developed a better grasp of the subjects than the over worked teachers.
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People infer high self-efficacy from successes achieved through minimal effort on difficult tasks, but they infer low self-efficacy if they had to work hard under favorable conditions to master relatively easy tasks
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It is no more informative to speak of self-efficacy in global terms than to speak of nonspecific social behavior
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Perceived self-efficacy in coping with potential threats leads people to approach such situations anxiously, and experience of disruptive arousal may further lower their sense of efficacy that they will be able to perform skillfully
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To grant thought causal efficacy is not to invoke a disembodied mental state
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Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.
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When actions are followed by events that are not causally related to the prior acts, people often erroneously perceive contingencies that do not, in fact, exist
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Even the self-assured will raise their perceived self-efficacy if models teach them better ways of doing things.
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Many people who gain recognition and fame shape their lives by overcoming seemingly insurmountable obstacles, only to be catapulted into new social realities over which they have less control and manage badly. Indeed, the annals of the famous and infamous are strewn with individuals who were both architects and victims of their life courses.
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We are more heavily invested in the theories of failure than we are in the theories of success.
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Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations.
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People who are insecure about themselves will avoid social comparisons that are potentially threatening to their self-esteem
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People behave agentically, but they produce theories that afford people very little agency.
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Perceived self-efficacy influences the types of causal attributions people make for their performances
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Because of such conjointedness, behavior that exerts no effect whatsoever on outcomes is developed and consistently performed
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