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Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Expectations
Impact
Weight
Except
Emotional
Events
Governs
Experience
Match
Great
Carry

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In order to succeed, people need a sense of self-efficacy, to struggle together with resilience to meet the inevitable obstacles and inequities of life.
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Measures of self-precept must be tailored to the domain of psychological functioning being explored.
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Social cognitive theory rejects the dichotomous conception of self as agent and self as object. Acting on the environment and acting on oneself entail shifting the perspective of the same agent rather than reifying different selves regulating each other or transforming the self from agent to object
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People who believe they have the power to exercise some measure of control over their lives are healthier, more effective and more successful than those who lack faith in their ability to effect changes in their lives.
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Given a sufficient level of perceived self-efficacy to take on threatening tasks, phobics perform them with varying amounts of fear arousal depending on the strength of their perceived self-efficacy
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The content of most textbooks is perishable, but the tools of self-directedness serve one well over time.
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The performances of others are often selected as standards for self-improvement of abilities
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Moral justification is a powerful disengagement mechanism. Destructive conduct is made personally and socially acceptable by portraying it in the service of moral ends. This is why most appeals against violent means usually fall on deaf ears.
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Accomplishment is socially judged by ill defined criteria so that one has to rely on others to find out how one is doing.
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Regression analyses show that self-efficacy contributes to achievement behavior beyond the effects of cognitive skills
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Self efficacious children tend to attribute their successes to ability, but ability attributions affect performance indirectly through perceived self-efficacy
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Comparative appraisals of efficacy require not only evaluation of ones own performances but also knowledge of how others do, cognizance of nonability determinants of their performances, and some understanding that it is others, like oneself, who provide the most informative social criterion for comparison
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For many activities, people cannot rely solely on themselves in evaluating their ability level because such judgments require inferences from probabilistic indicants of talent about which they may have limited knowledge. Self-appraisals are, therefore, partly based on the opinions of others who presumably possess evaluative competence
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Through their capacity to manipulate symbols and to engage in reflective thought, people can generate novel ideas and innovative actions that transcend their past experiences
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One cannot afford to be a realist.
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Indeed there are many competent people who are plagued by a sense of inefficacy, and many less competent ones who remain unperturbed by impending threats because they are self-assured of their coping capabilities
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Judgments of adequacy involve social comparison processes
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Very often we developed a better grasp of the subjects than the over worked teachers.
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