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Forceful actions arising from erroneous beliefs often create social effects that confirm the misbeliefs
Albert Bandura
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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Action
Confirm
Beliefs
Actions
Effects
Create
Belief
Forceful
Often
Erroneous
Social
Arising
More quotes by Albert Bandura
Most of the images of reality on which we base our actions are really based on vicarious experience.
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The content of most textbooks is perishable, but the tools of self-directedness serve one well over time.
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Psychology cannot tell people how they ought to live their lives. It can however, provide them with the means for effecting personal and social change.
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When experience contradicts firmly held judgments of self-efficacy, people may not change their beliefs about themselves if the conditions of performance are such as to lead them to discount the import of the experience
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Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous
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People who regard themselves as highly efficacious act, think, and feel differently from those who perceive themselves as inefficacious. They produce their own future, rather than simply foretell it.
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Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact
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Comparative appraisals of efficacy require not only evaluation of ones own performances but also knowledge of how others do, cognizance of nonability determinants of their performances, and some understanding that it is others, like oneself, who provide the most informative social criterion for comparison
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Self efficacious children tend to attribute their successes to ability, but ability attributions affect performance indirectly through perceived self-efficacy
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Stringent standards of self-evaluation [can] make otherwise objective successes seem to be personal failures
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When actions are followed by events that are not causally related to the prior acts, people often erroneously perceive contingencies that do not, in fact, exist
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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Accomplishment is socially judged by ill defined criteria so that one has to rely on others to find out how one is doing.
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People behave agentically, but they produce theories that afford people very little agency.
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People infer high self-efficacy from successes achieved through minimal effort on difficult tasks, but they infer low self-efficacy if they had to work hard under favorable conditions to master relatively easy tasks
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Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations.
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As a general rule, moderate levels of arousal facilitate deployment of skills, whereas high arousal disrupts it. This is especially true of complex activities requiring intricate organization of behavior
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Judgments of adequacy involve social comparison processes
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In any given instance, behavior can be predicted best by considering both self-efficacy and outcome beliefs . . . different patterns of self-efficacy and outcome beliefs are likely to produce different psychological effects
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If self-efficacy is lacking, people tend to behave ineffectually, even though they know what to do.
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