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Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce.

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Produce
Outcome
Belief
Outcomes
Self
Beliefs
Likely
Consequence
Expectations
Efficacy
Judgment
Differ
Behavior
Judgments

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[Attributional] factors serve as conveyors of efficacy information that influence performance largely through their intervening effects on self-percepts of efficacy
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Self-percepts foster actions that generate information, as well as serve as a filtering mechanism for self-referent information in the self-maintaining process
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It is no more informative to speak of self-efficacy in global terms than to speak of nonspecific social behavior
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To grant thought causal efficacy is not to invoke a disembodied mental state
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If there is any characteristic that is distinctly human, it is the capability for reflective self-consciousness.
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Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
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Once established, reputations do not easily change.
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A problem of future research is to clarify how young children learn what type of social comparative information is most useful for efficacy evaluation
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There are countless studies on the negative spillover of job pressures on family life, but few on how job satisfaction enhances the quality of family life.
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Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend
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Social cognitive theory rejects the dichotomous conception of self as agent and self as object. Acting on the environment and acting on oneself entail shifting the perspective of the same agent rather than reifying different selves regulating each other or transforming the self from agent to object
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The human condition is better improved by altering detrimental circumstances and personal perspectives than by trying to alter personal outlooks, while ignoring the very circumstances that serve to nourish them
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Dualistic doctrines that regard mind and body as separate entities do not provide much enlightenment on the nature of the disembodied mental state or on how an immaterial mind and bodily events act on each other
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In order to succeed, people need a sense of self-efficacy, to struggle together with resilience to meet the inevitable obstacles and inequities of life.
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Perceived self-efficacy in coping with potential threats leads people to approach such situations anxiously, and experience of disruptive arousal may further lower their sense of efficacy that they will be able to perform skillfully
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Coping with the demands of everyday life would be exceedingly trying if one could arrive at solutions to problems only by actually performing possible options and suffering the consequences.
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It is widely assumed that beliefs in personal determination of outcomes create a sense of efficacy and power, whereas beliefs that outcomes occur regardless of what one does result in apathy
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Humans are producers of their life circumstance not just products of them.
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