Quote

What people think, believe, and feel affects how they behave. The natural and extrinsic effects of their actions, in turn, partly determine their thought patterns and affective reactions.

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Thinking
Turns
Affects
People
Natural
Reactions
Action
Behave
Thought
Patterns
Feel
Determine
Feels
Actions
Affective
Believe
Effects
Extrinsic
Think
Turn
Partly

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To grant thought causal efficacy is not to invoke a disembodied mental state
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Stringent standards of self-evaluation [can] make otherwise objective successes seem to be personal failures
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Perceived self-efficacy influences the types of causal attributions people make for their performances
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Self-appraisals are influenced by evaluative reactions of others.
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In social cognitive theory, perceived self-efficacy results from diverse sources of information conveyed vicariously and through social evaluation, as well as through direct experience
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[Attributional] factors serve as conveyors of efficacy information that influence performance largely through their intervening effects on self-percepts of efficacy
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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In order to succeed, people need a sense of self-efficacy, to struggle together with resilience to meet the inevitable obstacles and inequities of life.
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[Children] receive direct instruction from time to time about the appropriateness of various social comparisons
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Agemates provide the most informative points of reference for comparative efficacy appraisal and verification. Children are, therefore, especially sensitive to their relative standing among the peers with whom they affiliate in activities that determine prestige and popularity
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The effects of outcome expectancies on performance motivation are partly governed by self-beliefs of efficacy
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Convictions that outcomes are determined by one's own actions can be either demoralizing or heartening, depending on the level of self-judged efficacy. People who regard outcomes as personally determined, but who lack the requisite skills, would experience low self-efficacy and view the activities with a sense of futility
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Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact
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Perceived self-inefficacy predicts avoidance of academic activities whereas anxiety does not
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Given a sufficient level of perceived self-efficacy to take on threatening tasks, phobics perform them with varying amounts of fear arousal depending on the strength of their perceived self-efficacy
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Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
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The presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised
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Perceived self-efficacy also shapes causal thinking. In seeking solutions to difficult problems, those who perceived themselves as highly efficacious are inclined to attribute their failures to insufficient effort, whereas those of comparable skills but lower perceived self-efficacy ascribe their failures to deficient ability
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It is no more informative to speak of self-efficacy in global terms than to speak of nonspecific social behavior
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People who are insecure about themselves will avoid social comparisons that are potentially threatening to their self-esteem
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