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Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations.

Albert Bandura

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Albert Bandura
Age: 95 †
Born: 1925
Born: December 4
Died: 2021
Died: July 26
Psychologist
University Teacher
Manage
Efficacy
Source
Capabilities
Situation
Execute
Belief
Sources
Action
Capability
Self
Organize
Required
Situations
Prospective

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[Attributional] factors serve as conveyors of efficacy information that influence performance largely through their intervening effects on self-percepts of efficacy
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People judge their capabilities partly by comparing their performances with those of others
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Forceful actions arising from erroneous beliefs often create social effects that confirm the misbeliefs
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People who hold a low view of themselves [will credit] their achievements to external factors, rather than to their own capabilities.
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People behave agentically, but they produce theories that afford people very little agency.
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Judgments of adequacy involve social comparison processes
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The content of most textbooks is perishable, but the tools of self-directedness serve one well over time.
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People regulate their level and distribution of effort in accordance with the effects they expect their actions to have. As a result, their behavior is better predicted from their beliefs than from the actual consequences of their actions
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Self-belief does not necessarily ensure success, but self-disbelief assuredly spawns failure.
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Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous
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The performances of others are often selected as standards for self-improvement of abilities
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The human condition is better improved by altering detrimental circumstances and personal perspectives than by trying to alter personal outlooks, while ignoring the very circumstances that serve to nourish them
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Regression analyses show that self-efficacy contributes to achievement behavior beyond the effects of cognitive skills
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In order to succeed, people need a sense of self-efficacy, to struggle together with resilience to meet the inevitable obstacles and inequities of life.
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Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce.
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Self-appraisals of efficacy are reasonably accurate, but they diverge from action because people do not know fully what they will have to do, lack information for regulating their effort, or are hindered by external factors from doing what they can
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Such self-referent misgivings creates stress and undermine effective use of the competencies people possess by diverting attention from how best to proceed to concern over personal failings and possible mishaps
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Even noteworthy performance attainments do not necessarily boost perceived self-efficacy
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The presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised
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Stringent standards of self-evaluation [can] make otherwise objective successes seem to be personal failures
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